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Custom software or off-the-shelf: how to decide

Most businesses should buy, not build. Here is how to tell when you are the exception, and what to ask before you commit either way.

Published · SunTech Solutions

Start from the assumption that you should buy

Off-the-shelf software exists because most businesses do most things the same way. Invoicing, payroll, email, accounting, a basic online store: these are solved problems, and a package that thousands of companies already use will be cheaper, better tested and better supported than anything built for you alone. If a package does what you need with settings and a few add-ons, use it. Custom software is the exception, not the default.

The signs you have outgrown a package

The problem usually shows up as workarounds rather than as a software failure. The package still works; it is the people around it who are doing extra work to make it fit. Some patterns we see again and again:

  • Spreadsheets beside the system. Someone exports from the package every week and maintains a spreadsheet that holds the information the package cannot. That spreadsheet is now the real system, and it lives on one person's laptop.
  • Double entry. The same order, customer or product is typed into two or three tools because none of them talk to each other.
  • "Ask Sarah." A question like "which jobs are waiting on a supplier?" cannot be answered from any screen. It can only be answered by the person who happens to know.
  • Process bent to fit the tool. Staff follow a sequence of steps that exists only because the software demands it, not because the business does.
  • Per-user fees that scale with headcount. A package priced per seat per month is cheap at five users and expensive at forty, and by then you depend on it.

One of these is normal. Three or more, and the hours spent on workarounds are probably already costing more than a small system built around the actual process would.

What "custom" actually means

People hear "custom software" and picture a large, expensive project. In practice the custom systems that pay for themselves fastest are small. They cover one process end to end: quoting, or order tracking, or scheduling, or a customer portal. They replace a spreadsheet and a chain of emails, not the accounting package. Everything the business already does well in off-the-shelf tools stays where it is, and the custom part connects to it.

A good custom system is also plain. It has fewer features than the package it replaces, because it only has the features you use. That is the point: nobody has to be trained around options that do not apply to them.

Six questions to answer before deciding

  1. Is the process genuinely unusual? If a competitor could run their business on the same screens, a package probably exists. If your advantage is the process, a package will flatten it.
  2. How many hours a week go into workarounds? Count them honestly, across everyone. Multiply by a year. That number is your budget for fixing it.
  3. What has to connect to what? List every tool the new system would have to exchange data with. Integrations are where both packages and custom builds get expensive, so know the list first.
  4. What does the package cost over five years? Include the per-user fees at the headcount you expect, the add-ons, and the consultant who configures it. Compare that with a one-time build plus maintenance.
  5. Who owns the data and the code? With a package you rent access; with a custom build you should own the source code, the database and the accounts outright. If a developer will not give you that, keep looking.
  6. What happens when it changes? Businesses change. A package changes on the vendor's schedule; a custom system changes on yours, but only if someone is around to change it. Make sure there is a maintenance plan either way.

The middle path most businesses end up on

The decision is rarely all-or-nothing. The most common outcome is a package for the standard parts (accounting, payroll, email) and a small custom system for the one process that makes the business different, with a connection between them so nothing is typed twice. That keeps the custom part small enough to build quickly and the package part cheap enough to keep.

Questions to ask a developer

If you do go custom, these separate a good proposal from a risky one:

  • Will you give me a fixed scope and quote before any code is written?
  • Will I own the source code, and will it be documented well enough for another developer to take over?
  • What is the smallest first version that solves the problem, and how soon can we use it?
  • How will you show progress along the way, rather than only at the end?
  • What does maintenance cost after launch, and what does it cover?
Where we stand. We build custom software and we still tell many of the businesses who contact us to use a package. The conversation is free, and it usually ends with a clear answer either way. More about how we build custom software, or tell us about your process.

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